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They’re involved in many processes, including tissue growth, energy production, immune function, and nutrient absorption. SummaryĪll nine essential amino acids perform important roles in your body. However, most people get all the amino acids they need through their diet. People can have different amino acid needs based on stage of life, chronic illness, and acute health issues such as an infection or a surgery. That’s why essential amino acid deficiencies can negatively affect your entire body, including your nervous, reproductive, immune, and digestive systems. It’s critical for maintaining the myelin sheath, a protective barrier that surrounds your nerve cells ( 15).Īs you can see, essential amino acids are at the core of many vital processes.Īlthough amino acids are most recognized for their role in muscle development and repair, your body depends on them for so much more. Histidine: Your body uses this amino acid to produce histamine, a neurotransmitter that is vital to immune response, digestion, sexual function, and sleep-wake cycles.It’s also important for energy production, immune function, and collagen and elastin production ( 14). Lysine: Lysine plays major roles in protein synthesis, calcium absorption, and the production of hormones and enzymes.It’s also important for immune function, hemoglobin production, and energy regulation ( 13). Isoleucine: The last of the three BCAAs, isoleucine is involved in muscle metabolism and is heavily concentrated in muscle tissue.It also helps regulate blood sugar levels, stimulates wound healing, and produces growth hormones ( 12). Leucine: Like valine, leucine is a BCAA that is critical for protein synthesis and muscle repair.It’s also necessary for tissue growth and the absorption of zinc and selenium, minerals that are vital to your health ( 11). Methionine: This amino acid plays an important role in metabolism and detoxification.
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Tryptophan: Often associated with drowsiness, tryptophan is a precursor to serotonin, a neurotransmitter that regulates your appetite, sleep, and mood ( 10).It also plays a role in fat metabolism and immune function ( 9). Threonine: This is a principal part of structural proteins such as collagen and elastin, which are important components of your skin and connective tissue.Valine helps stimulate muscle growth and regeneration and is involved in energy production ( 8). That means it has a chain branching off from one side of its molecular structure. Valine: This is one of three branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) on this list.
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It plays an integral role in the structure and function of proteins and enzymes and the production of other amino acids ( 7).
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Amino acids are organic compounds composed mainly of nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.